アウトラインは、この講座全体の内容をまとめたものです。読み進めて細かい部分に入っていくと、 今何をやっているのか分からなくなる時があります。時々ここに戻り、今学習しているのが全体のどの部分なのか、どういった内容がポイントで暗記することは何だったのかなどを確認して下さい。最初はとばしてもかまいません。
この単元の目標問題 Can such a state of things be put up with? [能動態 ⇔ 受動態に] The members of the project were discussing the plan thoroughly. |
1 | 受動態の形 | 受動態=be+過去分詞形+by~「~に・・される」 |
2 | 書き換えで重要なこと | 書き換えで関係するのは、主語(S)、述語(Vt)、目的語(O)の3つの部分だけ 二者関係=主語(S)と目的語(O)を把握する |
3 | 助動詞を含んだ文の受動態 | 能動態:You must not forget the promise. 受動態:The promise must not be forgotten. |
4 | 疑問文・否定文での受動態 | 能動態:Does he love her? / He didn’t say such things. 受動態:Is she loved by him? / Such things weren’t said by him. |
5 | 疑問詞を含んだ文の受動態 | 能動態:Where did he find the key? 受動態:Where was the key found by him? |
6 | 疑問詞Whatを含んだ文の受動態 | 能動態:What do you call this bird in English? 受動態:What is this bird called in English? |
7 | 疑問詞Whoを含んだ文の受動態 | 能動態:Who discovered America? 受動態: - Whom was America discovered by? - By whom was America discovered? - Who was America discovered by? |
8 | 完了形を含んだ文の受動態 | 能動態:The police have caught the criminal. 受動態:The criminal has been caught by the police. |
9 | 進行形を含んだ文の受動態 | 能動態:She was writing a new novel then. 受動態:A new novel was being written then by her. |
10 | 群動詞を含んだ文の受動態 | 能動態:He looked after me. 受動態:I was looked after by him. look up to ~ / look after ~ / take care of ~ / take part in ~ / take place / depend on ~ / make use of ~ / do without ~ / pay attention to ~ / get rid of ~ |
11 | 群動詞による文型の考え方 | 能動態 受動態 |
12 | by以外の前置詞を使う受動態 | 能動態:The noise surprised us. 受動態:I was surprised at the noise. be interested in / be made of [from] ~ / be surprised at ~ / be frightend at ~ / be disappointed at ~ / be known to ~ / be caught in a shower / be pleased with ~ / be satisfied with ~ / be concerned with ~ |
13 | byが省略された受動態 | 能動態: - We make milk into butter and cheese. - They sell liquors at the shop. 受動態: - Milk is made into butter and cheese (by us). - Liquors are sold at the shop (by them). |
14 | that節を含んだ文の受動態 | 能動態:They say that he is intelligent. 受動態:It is said that he is intelligent. |
15 | 命令文の受動態 | 能動態:Do it at once. 受動態:Let it be done at once. |
16 | 使役動詞・知覚動詞を含んだ文の受動態 | 能動態:She made him go there. 受動態:He was made to go there by her. |